Can Taking Benadryl Increase Your Risk of Dementia?
Healthy’s Summary
Benadryl, known generically as diphenhydramine, is a common over-the-counter antihistamine people use for allergies, colds, and sometimes even as a sleep aid. But here’s the twist: researchers have raised concerns about whether long-term or frequent use of drugs like Benadryl could be linked to memory problems — or even dementia — especially in older adults.
The concern stems from the way Benadryl affects the brain. It’s part of a group called “anticholinergics,” which block a neurotransmitter called acetylcholine. This chemical plays a big role in memory and learning. Studies suggest that long-term use of strong anticholinergics may increase the risk of developing dementia — but this depends on things like dose, frequency, and your personal health profile.
So, should you ditch Benadryl completely? Not necessarily. But it’s definitely worth a closer look, especially if it’s something you (or your loved ones) rely on often.
Let’s Talk About Benadryl — and Your Brain
Benadryl seems harmless enough, right? It’s been around forever, and you can grab it off the shelf without a second thought. But if you or someone you love is using it frequently — say for sleep, chronic allergies, or even anxiety — there’s a conversation that might be worth having.
What’s the Deal With Anticholinergics?
Benadryl is part of a category of medications called anticholinergics, which block acetylcholine, a chemical messenger involved in muscle function, memory, and attention. That’s key here.
Why does that matter? Well, research has linked long-term use of strong anticholinergics to higher dementia risk, particularly in adults 65 and older.
Ask Healthy
In a widely cited study published in JAMA Internal Medicine, researchers found that people with high cumulative use of anticholinergics over a 10-year period had a significantly increased risk of developing dementia compared to those who didn’t use these drugs as often or at all source: JAMA.
Another Harvard Health review points out that the risk seems to increase with both dosage and duration, and that the risk can be even more significant in people who are already at higher risk of cognitive decline.
Common Uses That Fly Under the Radar
It’s not just allergy symptoms. People use Benadryl for all kinds of reasons:
- Trouble sleeping (yep, it’s in many OTC sleep aids)
- Itchy skin or hives
- Motion sickness
- Mild anxiety or calming effects
The catch? Using it regularly for these reasons — especially when safer alternatives exist — could mean unknowingly upping your dementia risk over time.
So… Should You Be Worried?
If you’re using Benadryl occasionally (think: once every few months for a random allergy flare-up), the risk is probably very low. But if it’s your go-to every night to fall asleep? That’s where things get a little more complicated.
Doctors typically recommend minimizing use of strong anticholinergics in older adults whenever possible. The American Geriatrics Society even includes diphenhydramine on their Beers Criteria list of potentially inappropriate medications for seniors.
And just to clarify — we’re talking about long-term, repeated use here. A dose here or there probably isn’t going to cause problems. But over months or years? That’s where the concern builds.
What Are Some Safer Alternatives?
If you’ve been relying on Benadryl for sleep or allergies, here are a few alternatives you can talk to your doctor about:
- For allergies: Second-generation antihistamines like loratadine (Claritin) or cetirizine (Zyrtec) are less likely to affect the brain.
- For sleep: Melatonin, mindfulness practices, or prescription medications designed specifically for long-term insomnia might be safer.
- For itching or anxiety: There are topical options, calming teas, and even cognitive behavioral strategies for managing anxiety that don’t involve sedating antihistamines.
Of course, all of this depends on you. Your age, health conditions, other meds, and personal history all shape what’s safe and what’s not. Talk to your doctor about your specific concerns and ask for recommendations.
The Takeaway
Benadryl might seem like a harmless household staple, but it’s worth rethinking how and when you use it — especially as you age or help care for someone older. The connection between long-term anticholinergic use and dementia isn’t just academic; it’s personal. Luckily, there are often safer choices out there.
This isn’t about fear. It’s about making informed decisions — and asking better questions.
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